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How to Invest in Real Estate: Strategies to Diversify and Grow Your Wealth

Admin • February 9, 2024

When it comes to your investment portfolio, you know that diversification and balance are key to resilience and weathering fluctuations in the market. Diversifying your portfolio beyond stocks and bonds helps you mitigate risk, enhances your overall financial stability, and contributes to a well-rounded investment strategy to achieve your financial goals.

Real estate can be a great option if you’re looking to further diversify your investments. Investing in real estate can provide you with a potential steady source of passive income and long-term appreciation, allowing you to create wealth and grow your portfolio. 

By understanding the asset class, doing your research, and determining which investment strategy is right for you, real estate can be a rewarding investment to pursue.

Know Your Options

Real estate includes physical properties, land, and infrastructure – it’s a tangible asset, unlike traditional securities like stocks and bonds. There are different types of real estate investments, and it’s helpful to explore your options to find what aligns with your preferences, specific goals, and risk tolerance.

Residential Properties

Residential properties can include single-family homes, condominiums, townhouses, and apartment or multi-unit buildings. These are properties that are primarily intended for people to live in. 

When you purchase residential properties for investment purposes, you can generate consistent and reliable rental income by leasing them long-term, creating a potentially steady cash flow. 

You can consider hiring a property manager to handle the responsibilities of residential properties, such as maintenance and repairs, if you don’t want to manage the physical upkeep of your investment directly.

You can also invest in residential real estate by fixing and flipping properties – purchasing undervalued properties, renovating them, and then re-selling them for a profit. This strategy involves a higher risk tolerance and a shorter investment window, as you risk less return the longer you hold onto the property. 

Flipping residential properties has also become more costly over the years, with the higher cost of construction materials, labor, and mortgage interest rates.

Commercial Real Estate

Commercial real estate properties include office buildings, retail spaces, and industrial warehouses or buildings, all of which cater to businesses and their various operations. 

Commercial properties can provide rental income through business leases to corporations, retailers, or manufacturers. Commercial real estate leases can span several years or longer, and can provide a stable income stream for investors.

Commercial real estate investments have the potential for higher returns compared to residential properties, but they come with higher risk and greater complexity. 

Commercial properties can be highly sensitive to local business dynamics and economic trends, and market downturns or slow economies can significantly impact investment returns. Diversifying within your commercial real estate portfolio across different property types can help reduce some of this risk.

Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)

Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) are an appealing alternative if you want to invest in real estate without having to invest in actual physical properties. They offer a passive and diversified approach to real estate investing, and are an accessible way to enter the real estate market.

REITs are investment vehicles that pool funds from investors to invest in a diversified portfolio of real estate assets, including residential and commercial real estate such as office buildings, retail spaces, and hotels. This diversification helps decrease risk by spreading investments across different sectors and geographic locations. REITs can be publicly traded on stock exchanges, or non-traded.

REITs have become an increasingly popular way to invest in real estate: according to a recent industry survey , 150 million Americans, or 45% of the population, live in households that invest in REITs through their investment portfolios or retirement accounts. 

REITs are managed by professionals who have expertise in real estate acquisition, management, and development, so you don’t need to have that experience or market knowledge yourself like you would if you were investing in physical real estate. 

As a shareholder, you receive dividends generated from rental income or property sales in the REIT. And unlike physical real estate, which can be difficult to sell, you can easily buy or sell publicly traded REIT shares, which provides a level of liquidity not typically associated with directly owning real estate. 

Research the Market

Researching current real estate market trends is essential for making informed investment decisions. By analyzing supply and demand, economic indicators and trends, and even the impact of interest rates, you can educate yourself on market conditions and how they can affect your investment strategy. 

As a real estate investor, it’s important to stay up-to-date on market dynamics so that you can be prepared and adapt your strategy based on changing market conditions.

Real estate is local – research the specific markets you’re interested in. Whether you want to pursue real estate markets with limited supply and high demand, or emerging markets with potential growth, knowing your market can help you capitalize on opportunities for long-term success.

Understand the Tax Implications

Investing in real estate offers several tax advantages, and understanding these benefits can help you optimize your tax strategy:

  • Property deductions : You can leverage various tax deductions, including mortgage interest, property taxes, property management expenses, and maintenance costs. These deductions can help minimize your tax liability.
  • Property depreciation : If your investment property depreciates in value over time, you can benefit from depreciation deductions, which allow you to offset your rental income and potentially reduce your overall tax liability.
  • Capital gains tax: Your profits from selling your real estate investment property may qualify for more favorable long-term capital gains tax rates, depending on how long you’ve held the investment.
  • REIT tax efficiencies : REITs are structured as pass-through entities, which means they don’t pay corporate income taxes at the entity level; they instead distribute at least 90% of their taxable income to shareholders as dividends. As an investor, you may be eligible for a deduction of up to 20% of your qualified dividends, subject to certain limitations.

Tax law is constantly changing – staying abreast of current regulations is important as part of your tax planning.

How Five Pine Can Help You Be Successful in Real Estate Investing

When you invest in real estate, it’s essential to monitor your portfolio and regularly review its performance. Stay responsive to changes in the real estate market and market trends, and adjust your strategy accordingly. 

Just as you would with your traditional investments, make sure to rebalance the composition of your real estate portfolio as needed, to ensure your real estate investments continue to align with your goals.

At Five Pine Wealth Management , we can help you determine if expanding your investment portfolio with real estate is the right move for you. As fiduciary financial advisors , we are committed to working with you to develop an investment strategy that’s in your best interest. 

Our experience in tax planning can also help you navigate the complexities of tax law and help ensure you’re taking advantage of any tax benefits from your real estate investments. To see how we can help you grow your wealth, email us or call us at: 877.333.1015 today.

Curious About a Roth Conversion Strategy? When It Actually Makes Sense (Or Not)

April 17, 2025
“Should I convert my traditional IRA or 401(k) to a Roth?” If you’ve asked yourself this question lately, you’re in good company. Perhaps you’re a high-earner who makes too much to contribute directly to a Roth IRA but wants access to tax-free growth. Or maybe you’re concerned about future tax rates and want to ensure more tax-free income in retirement. With market volatility and changing tax laws on the horizon, many of our clients are wondering if a Roth conversion could be a smart money move to save on taxes and provide more flexibility down the road. While we think Roth conversions are a great strategy, they don’t make sense for everyone. Let’s break down when Roth conversions actually make sense — and when they don’t — in plain English. Back to Basics: What is a Roth IRA? Before we dive into strategy, let’s recap the differences between a Roth retirement account and a traditional one. Traditional retirement accounts, such as a traditional IRA or 401(k), provide you with a tax deduction when you contribute. You save on taxes now , but you’ll pay taxes on that money in the future when you withdraw it as income in retirement. A Roth IRA allows you to contribute money that you’ve already paid income taxes on. You don’t enjoy savings this year, but the interest you earn on that money grows tax-free, and the withdrawals are 100% tax-free in retirement once you meet certain eligibility requirements. For many people, these lifetime tax savings are significantly greater , which is why a Roth conversion is such an intriguing strategy. What Is a Roth Conversion? Imagine you’ve been making retirement contributions to a traditional 401(k) for the past 25 years. You’ve enjoyed income tax deductions each year as you squirrel away money for your future. But as you’re scrolling through your newsfeed one night after dinner, you come across an article about the unexpected tax bills many retirees are faced with in retirement, significantly eating into their retirement income. The article suggests making contributions to a Roth account instead, in order to avoid this scenario in the future. But you’ve already been making contributions to a traditional account for 25 years. Have you missed out? Not necessarily. With a Roth conversion, you can move money from another retirement account, such as a Traditional IRA or 401(k), into a Roth IRA. Essentially, a Roth conversion allows you to “pre-pay” taxes so your future self won’t have to. For many people, this can be a smart move. But there are caveats: Convert too much at once, and you might push yourself into a higher tax bracket this year. Convert too little over time, and you might miss opportunities to lower your lifetime tax bill. The challenge lies in finding the right balance. When Roth Conversions Make Sense In general, Roth conversions can make sense for individuals in the following circumstances: 1. You’re a High Earner For 2025, direct Roth IRA contributions are phased out for single filers with incomes between $150,000-$165,000 and for joint files with incomes between $236,00-$246,000. If your income exceeds these thresholds, you can’t contribute directly to a Roth IRA. However, Roth conversions have no income limits. This creates a powerful opportunity for high-income earners to still enjoy tax-free growth in retirement. By making non-deductible contributions to a traditional IRA (which has no income limits) and then converting those funds to a Roth IRA — often called a “backdoor Roth” — you can effectively circumvent the income restrictions. 2. You’re in a “Tax Valley” You may be in a “tax valley” if you’re currently experiencing a period where your income is lower than you expect in the future. For example, you may be early in your career, taking a sabbatical from work, or starting a business. These can all be opportune years to make a Roth conversion. New retirees may also find themselves in a temporary “tax valley.” For example, if you’re recently retired but haven’t yet started collecting Social Security or required minimum distributions (RMDs), this window from your early 60s to 70s could be a golden opportunity to convert portions of your traditional retirement savings into a Roth. By strategically moving money over a few years, you can fill up the lower tax brackets and reduce your future RMDs, which might otherwise push you into a higher bracket later. This can also help reduce the tax burden on your Social Security benefits once you begin collecting them. 3. You Have a Long Time Horizon Younger investors in their 30s and 40s may benefit from a Roth conversion if they have decades for that money to grow tax-free. For example, $100,000 converted to a Roth at age 35 could potentially grow to over $1 million by retirement age — all of which could be withdrawn tax-free. That same conversion done at age 60 might only have time to grow to $140,000-$150,000 before withdrawals begin. 4. You Want to Leave a Tax-Free Legacy Roth IRAs are powerful estate planning tools. Your spouse can treat an inherited Roth IRA as their own, allowing the assets to continue growing tax-free without requiring distributions during their lifetime, creating the potential for decades of additional tax-free growth. Kids or grandkids who inherit a Roth IRA will also enjoy a tax-free inheritance, at least for a time. In contrast, inheriting a traditional IRA means your beneficiaries would pay taxes on every dollar they withdraw — potentially during their peak earning years when they’re in a higher tax bracket. When Roth Conversions Don’t Make Sense Of course, just because you can convert doesn’t mean you should . Here are a few situations when a Roth conversion strategy might not work in your favor: 1. You’re Currently in a High Tax Bracket If you’re currently in your peak earning years and already paying taxes in the 35% or 37% federal tax brackets, converting could mean handing over a substantial portion of your retirement savings to the IRS. For example, a $100,000 conversion for someone in the 35% federal tax bracket could trigger an additional tax bill of $35,000 or more. If you expect to be in a lower bracket during retirement — say 22% or 24% — waiting to pay taxes then might be more advantageous. 2. You Don’t Have Cash to Pay the Taxes The most efficient Roth conversion strategy requires having cash outside your retirement accounts to pay the resulting tax bill. Here’s why this matters: If you have to withdraw extra money from your traditional IRA to cover the taxes on the conversion, you’re reducing your future growth potential. For instance, if you want to convert $50,000 and are in the 24% tax bracket, you may need an additional $12,000 for taxes. If you take that $12,000 from your IRA too, you’d pay taxes on that withdrawal as well, creating a compounding tax problem. Even worse, if you’re under age 59½, you could face a 10% early withdrawal penalty on any funds used to pay the taxes, further reducing the effectiveness of your conversion. 3. You’ll Need the Money Soon In general, Roth IRAs have a five-year rule that states you must wait five years from the beginning of the tax year of your first contribution to make a withdrawal of the earnings. (You can withdraw contributions , not earnings, tax-free and penalty-free at any time.) For Roth conversions, however, a new five-year rule starts separately for each conversion. While there are exemptions to this penalty, such as disability and turning age 59½, it’s worth considering if you plan to use the converted funds in the near future. Enter: The Roth Conversion Ladder One strategy we often recommend to clients who want to implement a Roth conversion is the Roth conversion ladder. This approach helps work around the five-year rule while building a tax-efficient income stream, especially for those planning an early retirement. Here’s how it works: Year 1: You convert a portion of your traditional IRA to a Roth (let’s say $30,000). Year 2: You convert another $30,000. Year 3: You convert another $30,000. Year 4: You convert another $30,000. Year 5: You guessed it — you convert another $30,000. Year 6: Now the Year 1 conversion is available for withdrawal without penalties. Each following year : A new “rung” of the ladder becomes accessible while you continue adding new conversions at the top. Over time, you build a steady stream of tax-free income in retirement that you can predictably access. This strategy is particularly valuable for early retirees who need income before the traditional retirement age or for anyone looking to minimize RMDs down the road. For example, a couple retiring at 55 might build a conversion ladder to provide $30,000 of annual tax-free income starting at age 60, giving them a bridge until they begin taking Social Security benefits at age 67. Meanwhile, they can use other savings for the first five years of retirement while the initial conversions “season.” The ladder approach also allows you greater flexibility to manage your tax bracket each year by controlling exactly how much you convert, rather than converting a large sum all at once and potentially pushing yourself into a higher tax bracket. Making Your Roth Conversion Decision As you’ve seen, Roth conversions are far from a one-size-fits-all strategy. The right approach depends on your unique financial situation, current and future tax bracket, retirement timeline, and long-term goals. When considering a Roth conversion, remember that it’s not just about the math. Many of our clients initially hesitate at the thought of writing a big check to the IRS today, even when they know the long-term benefits. That emotional response is completely normal. This is where thoughtful financial planning comes in. At Five Pine Wealth Management , we help you look beyond the immediate tax bill to see how today’s decisions impact your retirement income, Social Security strategy, and even your legacy plans. Sometimes, what feels uncomfortable at the moment creates the greatest long-term benefit for you and your family. So, should you do a Roth conversion? The answer depends on:  Your current and projected future tax brackets Whether you’re above income limits for direct Roth contributions Your retirement timeline Whether you have cash available to pay the conversion taxes Your estate and legacy goals Your comfort with paying taxes now versus later A Roth conversion can be either a powerful wealth-building tool or an unnecessary tax expense. The difference comes down to proper planning and timing. The Next Step If you’re wondering whether a Roth conversion makes sense for your situation, let’s talk. Our fiduciary advisors will help you evaluate your options and develop a conversion strategy that aligns with your comprehensive financial plan. We’ll walk through different scenarios, look at the numbers together, and help you feel confident in your decision — whether that means converting, waiting, or taking a gradual approach with a conversion ladder. Ready to explore whether a Roth conversion is right for you? Give us a call at 877.333.1015 or send us an email at info@fivepinewealth.com to schedule a conversation.

From $250K to $1 Million: The Retirement Growth Strategies Every Investor Should Know

April 11, 2025
You've been diligently saving for retirement, and your portfolio has hit the quarter-million mark—congrats! But now you're wondering: How do I take this to the next level? Hitting $250K in retirement savings is a major milestone, but getting from there to $1 million requires a shift in strategy. When you're just getting started, the focus is often on simply contributing as much as possible. But as your nest egg grows, things like asset allocation, tax efficiency, and long-term investing strategies become just as important as how much you save. The good news? With the right approach, reaching $1 million in retirement savings is not just a dream, but a realistic goal well within your reach. At Five Pine Wealth Management, we guide investors through this journey every day. As fiduciary financial advisors , we're legally obligated to put your interests first—you won't find product pitches or commission-driven recommendations here. Just straightforward strategies designed to help you reach your goals efficiently. So, let's talk about how to optimize your approach and make that million-dollar milestone a reality.  Step 1: Investing for Retirement - Why Growth Matters More Than Ever When you had $50K or $100K saved, your main focus was likely getting more money into your accounts. However, once you cross the $250K mark, your portfolio's growth rate becomes a key factor in your future wealth. To illustrate this, let’s look at two different scenarios: If you have $250K saved and earn a 6% average annual return while contributing $15,000 per year, you’ll reach $1 million in about 15 years. If you have the same starting balance but earn an 8% return, you’ll hit $1 million in just under 12 years. That’s a three-year difference—just by optimizing your investment strategy. So, how do you make sure you’re maximizing growth? Max Out Your Tax-Advantaged Accounts Retirement accounts like 401(k)s, IRAs, and HSAs come with tax benefits that accelerate your savings. If you haven’t already, aim to max out contributions each year: 401(k): Up to $23,500 in 2025 (plus a $7,500 catch-up contribution if you’re over 50 or $11,250 for ages 60 to 63). IRA (Traditional or Roth): Up to $7,000 in 2025 (or $8,000 if you’re 50+). HSA (for those with a high-deductible health plan): $4,300 for individuals, $8,550 for families. HSAs are the only triple-tax-advantaged accounts. Max them out to use during retirement. Increase Your Savings Rate Over Time Even if you’re already contributing a healthy percentage of your income, small increases each year make a big difference. If you currently save 10% of your salary, try increasing that by 1% each year until you hit 20% or more. If you get a raise or bonus, direct at least half of it toward your retirement savings instead of lifestyle upgrades. These seemingly small changes can make a significant difference, potentially shaving years off your journey to $1 million. It’s all about the power of incremental progress. Step 2: Asset Allocation Strategies - The Right Mix of Investments Your asset allocation (the mix of stocks, bonds, and other assets in your portfolio) plays a huge role in whether or not you hit your financial goals. At $250K, you still have time before retirement, meaning your portfolio should be focused on growth. Here’s what that looks like: Stock-heavy allocation: Most mid-career investors should have at least 70-80% of their portfolio in stocks, with the remainder in bonds and alternative assets. Stocks historically provide higher long-term returns, which is key to reaching $1 million. Global diversification: Investing across U.S. and international stocks helps manage risk while still capturing growth. Low-cost index funds & ETFs: These offer broad market exposure with low fees—meaning more of your money stays invested. Remember that proper diversification isn't just about owning different stocks—it's about owning investments that behave differently under various economic conditions. Many portfolios we review are far less diversified than their owners realize, with multiple funds holding essentially the same underlying investments. Avoid These Common Mid-Career Investment Mistakes Being too conservative too early: Some investors start shifting too much into bonds and cash once they hit mid-career, but if you have 15+ years until retirement, you need growth-oriented investments. Chasing “hot” stocks or trends: Stick to a solid long-term strategy instead of jumping into whatever’s trending. Forgetting to rebalance: Market movements can throw your asset allocation off balance over time. Rebalancing once or twice a year keeps your portfolio aligned with your goals. Need help figuring out the best allocation for you? A retirement planning financial advisor (like us!) can help you fine-tune your strategy. Step 3: Using Tax-Smart Strategies to Boost Growth When you’re working your way toward $1 million, tax efficiency matters. The less you pay in taxes on your investments, the more your money can grow. Consider these tax-smart moves: Utilize Roth accounts: If you expect to be in a higher tax bracket later, Roth contributions or conversions can save you tens of thousands in future taxes. Use a tax-efficient withdrawal strategy: If you’re drawing from your portfolio, pull from taxable accounts first before tapping tax-advantaged ones. Harvest tax losses: If you have investments that lost value, selling them to offset capital gains can reduce your tax bill. Many mid-career investors start thinking about Roth conversions in their 40s and 50s. Doing small annual conversions allows you to pay taxes now at potentially lower rates and enjoy tax-free growth in retirement. Step 4: Leveraging Employer Benefits & Alternative Investments If you’re earning a healthy income, your employer might offer additional investment opportunities that can help speed up your progress toward $1 million. Employer Benefits to Take Advantage Of After-tax 401(k) contributions (if your employer allows) let you save beyond the normal contribution limits. Backdoor Roth conversions enable you to convert after-tax 401(k) dollars into a Roth IRA for tax-free growth. Stock purchase plans or equity compensation can be another valuable tool—just be sure to diversify. Alternative Investments for Higher Earners For investors with additional funds beyond traditional retirement accounts, other options might include: Real estate investing for rental income or appreciation. Private equity or venture capital for high-growth opportunities. Tax-efficient municipal bonds for those in high tax brackets. These strategies aren’t for everyone, but for higher-net-worth individuals, they can provide valuable diversification and growth potential. Step 5: The Psychological Game - Staying the Course Here's something we've noticed after working with hundreds of successful savers: the journey from $250k to $1 million is often more psychological than mathematical. Market volatility will test your resolve multiple times on this journey. When (not if) markets drop by 20% or more, your $250,000 could temporarily become $200,000 or less. This is precisely when many investors make costly mistakes. The clients who reach their goals fastest are those who: Have a clear plan they trust. Understand that volatility is the price you pay for growth. Can distinguish between temporary market noise and true financial risks. Take the market downturn of early 2020, for example. Clients who stayed invested or even added to their investments during that scary time saw their portfolios not only recover but significantly grow in the following years. In many cases, those who sold at the bottom are still trying to catch up. Building Your Million-Dollar+ Retirement Plan Turning $250,000 into $1 million+ is within reach for many mid-career professionals—particularly those who implement a strategic, disciplined approach. The difference between reaching your goals on schedule or falling short often comes down to having a customized plan that addresses your specific situation. At Five Pine Wealth Management , we've guided numerous clients through this critical growth phase of retirement planning. We believe financial advice should be straightforward, jargon-free, and focused on what works. Are you ready to accelerate your path to financial independence? Let's talk. Schedule a no-obligation consultation by calling 877.333.1015 or emailing info@fivepinewealth.com . Together, we can build a plan to help you pursue that million-dollar milestone—and potentially well beyond.